In suburban and inner-city areas careful site design can strengthen the connection between a school and its adjacent neighborhood. This connection is dependent upon school site location, orientation, and alignment on or to existing streets.
A school in an inner city area should screen nearby incompatible uses (warehouses, factories, railroad yards, etc.). Urban neighborhoods tend to be located close to the school yard, hence connections to adjoining residential blocks should be emphasized. In addition, neighborhood access to certain school facilities, such as a running tracks, courts, and play areas may be encouraged before and after school hours to provide increased passive surveillance.
The planting of a row of trees leading up to the main entrance of a school is a traditional pattern of urban schools in the early part of the 20th century, and can be adapted for today's suburban schools. Besides creating a clear view corridor, it establishes a ceremonial sequence between the school and the neighborhood. A coordinated street treatment, incorporating continuous sidewalks, landscaping, and a trimmed tree canopy should continue up to and wrap around the school property. It also helps define the public path from the street and private residential property.